Artech Journals

Metabolites Alterations in the Muscles and Gills of Clarias gariepinus Juveniles on Exposure to Chronic Levels of Detergent (Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonate)

Submitted	Accepted	Published
Nov 30,-0001	Nov 30,-0001	May 14,2020

Chronic bioassay of a commonly used house hold detergent (linear alkyl benzene sulphonate) was carried out on the juvenile of Clarias gariepinus to determine its effect on the metabolites (albumin, total protein, creatinine, total bilirubin and urea) in the muscle and gills. The fish was exposed to varied levels of detergent (10.00, 20.00, 30.00, 40.00 and 50.00 mg/L) for 30 days. In the muscle, albumin, total protein and urea of C. gariepinus juveniles decreased with increase in detergent concentration. At 10.00, 20.00, 30.00, 40.00 and 50.00 mg/L: albumin was respectively 51.99, 55.94, 73.27, 73.27 and 68.78% lower than control; total protein was 34.52, 3.18, 55.22, 55.22 and 35.06% lower than control and urea was 5.85% lower than control at 10.00 and 30.00 mg/L. At 40.00 and 50.00 mg/L, urea was respectively 15.38% lower than control but higher at 20.00 mg/L by 20.77%. Creatinine was 14.39, 29.79 and 55.81% less than control at 10.00, 20.00 and 50.00 mg/L. In the gills, albumin was respectively raised beyond control at 10.00, 40.00 and 50.00 mg/L by 96.45, 24.94 and 25.65% and below control at 20.00 mg/L by 22.59%. Total protein was respectively 65.18, 72.45, 80.16, 79.41 and 72.87% less than control at 10.00, 20.00, 30.00, 40.00 and 50.00 mg/L.

How to Cite this Article

George, A.D.I. and B. Uedeme-Naa, 2020. Metabolites alterations in the muscles and gills of Clarias gariepinus juveniles on exposure to chronic levels of detergent (Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonate). Artech J. Contemp. Res. Aquat. Biol. Fish., 1: 1-4.

DOI: .

Reference

American Public Health Association, 1998. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 20th edition, American Public Health Association, New York, US.
Barbieri, E., E.A. Passos and C.A. Garcia, 2005. Use of metabolism to evaluate the sublethal toxicity of mercury on Farfantepaneus brasiliensis larvae (Latreille 1817, Crustacean). J. Shellfish Res., 24: 1229-1233.
Butler, P.A., 1971. Influence of pesticides on marine ecosystems. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences, 177(1048), 321-329.
Cheesbrough M., 1992. Medical laboratory manual for tropical countries. 2nd edition. Cambridge: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Grippo, M.A. and A.G. Heath, 2003. The effect of mercury on the feeding behavior of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Ecotoxicology Environ. Safety, 55: 187-198.
Henderson, C., Q.H. Pickering and J.M. Cohen, 1959. The toxicity of synthetic detergents and soaps to fish. Sewage Ind. Wastes, 31: 295-306.
Hontela, A., C. Daniel and A.C. Ricard, 1996. Effects of acute and subacute exposures to cadmium on the interrenal and thyroid function in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquat. Toxicol., 35: 171-182.
Jobling, S. and J.P. Sumpter, 1993. Detergent Components in Sewage Effluent are Weakly Oestrogenic to Fish: An in vitro Study using Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Hepatocytes. Aquat. Toxicol., 27: 361-372.
Misra, V., H. Lal, G. Chawla and P.N. Viswanathan, 1985. Pathomorphological changes in gills of fish fingerlings (Cirrhina mrigala) by linear alkyl benzene sulfonate. Ecotoxicology Environ. Safety, 10: 302-308.
Ogundiran, M.A., O.O. Fawole, S.O. Adewoye and T.A. Ayandiran, 2010. Toxicological impact of detergent effluent on juvenile of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)(Buchell 1822). Agric. Biol. J. North Am., 1: 330-342.
Okafor, P.N., K. Anoruo, A.O. Bonire and E.N. Maduagwu, 2008. The role of low-protein and cassava-cyanide intake in the aetiology of tropical pancreatitis. Global J. Pharmacol., 2: 6-10.
Parvathi, K., P. Sivakumar and M. Ramesh, 2011. Sublethal effects of chromium on some biochemical profiles of the fresh water teleost, Cyprinus carpio. Int. J. Appl. Biol. Pharm. Technol., 2: 295-300.
Segen, J., 2002. Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. USA.
Stephanou, E. and W. Giger, 1982. Persistent organic chemicals in sewage effluents. Quantitative determinations of nonylphenols and nonylphenol ethoxylates by glass capillary gas chromatography. Environ. Sci. Technol., 16: 800-805.
Thophon, S., M. Kruatrachue, E.S. Upatham, P. Pokethitiyook, S. Sahaphong and S. Jaritkhuan, 2003. Histopathological alterations of white seabass, Lates calcarifer, in acute and subchronic cadmium exposure. Environ. Pollut., 121: 307-320.
Velma, V., S.S. Vutukuru and P.B. Tchounwou, 2009. Ecotoxicology of Hexavalent Chromium in Freshwater Fish: A Critical Review. Rev. Environ. Health, 24: 129-146.